MODEL PENDIDIKAN PESANTREN DALAM MEMBANGUN KARAKTER, DISIPLIN, DAN KEPEMIMPINAN SANTRI

Abstract

This study examines the role of pesantren in shaping the character, discipline, and leadership of students, as well as its adaptation strategies to the challenges of globalisation, particularly in the context of character education. As one of the oldest Islamic educational institutions in Indonesia, pesantren not only function as centres for the transmission of religious knowledge, but also as spaces for the moral and social development of students. This research explores various models of character education in pesantren, emphasising the integration of moral knowledge, moral feelings, and moral actions manifested through daily practices. The research approach used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques including in-depth interviews with kyai, ustadzs, and students, as well as direct observation of pesantren activities. Research results indicate that the pesantren education system effectively integrates Islamic teachings with character development, producing students who are disciplined, moral, and possess leadership potential. Routines such as congregational prayers, religious studies, and the habituation of rules have been shown to play an important role in the internalisation of moral values. Furthermore, this study found that a number of pesantrens have begun adopting digital learning platforms and combining them with traditional methods. This hybrid learning model enables pesantrens to remain relevant amid technological developments without compromising Islamic values. Nevertheless, challenges in technology integration are still faced, especially regarding the readiness of human resources and infrastructure. This research provides a conceptual contribution to understanding the adaptive capacity of pesantren in facing global changes while maintaining the moral integrity and character education of the students.